Radiative corrections for (e,e′p) reactions at GeV energies

A general framework for applying radiative corrections to (e,e′p) coincidence reactions at GeV energies is presented, with special emphasis to higher-order bremsstrahlung effects, radiation from the scattered hadron, and the validity of peaking approximations. The sensitivity to the assumptions made in practically applying radiative corrections to (e,e′p) data is extensively discussed. The general framework is tested against experimental data of the 1H(e,e′p) reaction at momentum transfer values larger than 1.0 (GeV/c)^2, where radiative processes become a dominant source of uncertainty. The formulas presented here can easily be modified for any other electron-induced coincidence reaction

Макроекономічні проблеми інфляції в умовах економічної трансформації

Розглянуто проблему інфляції як фундаментальну проблему для розвитку будь-якої країни. Стверджено, що в економічній науці не існує єдиних підходів щодо суті цього явища, причин появи і наслідків, а також основних напрямів боротьби з інфляцією. Макроекономічний інфляційний вплив на економіку має свою специфіку в умовах формування ринкових відносин країн перехідної економіки (наприклад, України). З застосуванням методології функціонального аналізу, системного підходу та аналогії проаналізовано причини і наслідки інфляції, антиінфляційну політику, яка проводиться в умовах ринкової економіки. Особливу увагу звернено на макроекономічні проблеми інфляції в економіці сучасної України. Зроблено висновки про необхідність проведення виважених як політичних, так і економічних рішень, від яких залежить майбутнє економіки нашої держави.Рассмотрена проблема инфляции как фундаментальную проблему для развития любой страны. Утверждено, что в экономической науке не существует единых подходов к сути этого явления, причин появления и последствий, а также основных направлений борьбы с инфляцией. Макроэкономический инфляционное воздействие на экономику имеет свою специфику в условиях формирования рыночных отношений стран переходной экономики (например, Украина). Применение методологии функционального анализа, системного подхода и аналогии проанализированы анализируются причины и последствия инфляции, антиинфляционную политику, которая проводится в условиях рыночной экономики. Особое внимание обращено на макроэкономические проблемы инфляции в экономике современной Украины. Сделаны выводы о необходимости проведения взвешенных как политических, так и экономических решений, от которых зависит будущее экономики государства.Inflation is a fundamental problem for the development of any country. There are no common approaches to the nature, causes and consequences of this phenomenon and the ways of its reduction in economics. Macroeconomical inflation impact on the economy has its own distinctive aspects in terms of the building of marketing relationships in the countries with transition economy (Ukraine, for example). Using methods of functional analysis, system analysis and analogy method the causes and consequences of inflation as well as antiinflationary policy conducted in a market economy are analyzed in the article. Special attention is paid to macro-economical problems of inflation in the economy of modern Ukraine. The conclusion about the necessity of making the deliberated political and economical decisions that affect the future economy of our country is made

Empowering and assisting natural human mobility: The simbiosis walker

This paper presents the complete development of the Simbiosis Smart Walker. The device is equipped with a set of sensor subsystems to acquire user-machine interaction forces and the temporal evolution of user's feet during gait. The authors present an adaptive filtering technique used for the identification and separation of different components found on the human-machine interaction forces. This technique allowed isolating the components related with the navigational commands and developing a Fuzzy logic controller to guide the device. The Smart Walker was clinically validated at the Spinal Cord Injury Hospital of Toledo - Spain, presenting great acceptability by spinal chord injury patients and clinical staf

Meteorites on Mars observed with the Mars Exploration Rovers

Reduced weathering rates due to the lack of liquid water and significantly greater typical surface ages should result in a higher density of meteorites on the surface of Mars compared to Earth. Several meteorites were identified among the rocks investigated during Opportunity’s traverse across the sandy Meridiani plains. Heat Shield Rock is a IAB iron meteorite and has been officially recognized as ‘‘Meridiani Planum.’’ Barberton is olivine-rich and contains metallic Fe in the form of kamacite, suggesting a meteoritic origin. It is chemically most consistent with a mesosiderite silicate clast. Santa Catarina is a brecciated rock with a chemical and mineralogical composition similar to Barberton. Barberton, Santa Catarina, and cobbles adjacent to Santa Catarina may be part of a strewn field. Spirit observed two probable iron meteorites from its Winter Haven location in the Columbia Hills in Gusev Crater. Chondrites have not been identified to date, which may be a result of their lower strengths and probability to survive impact at current atmospheric pressures. Impact craters directly associated with Heat Shield Rock, Barberton, or Santa Catarina have not been observed, but such craters could have been erased by eolian-driven erosion.Additional co-authors: DW Ming, RV Morris, PA de Souza Jr, SW Squyres, C Weitz, AS Yen, J Zipfel, T Economo

Furfuryl Alcohol Emulsion Resins as Co-Binders for Urea-Formaldehyde Resin-Bonded Particleboards

An approach to using water-insoluble furfuryl alcohol (FA) resins as a co-binder for particleboard (PB) urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins was evaluated. Sprayable FA/UF mixed resins were made by emulsifying FA resins of varying advancements and mixing with various formaldehyde to urea (F/U) ratio UF resins in various proportions. The binder performance of the mixed FA/UF resins was then evaluated by bonding laboratory PBs using a weakly acidic ordinary UF resin curing catalyst at various hot pressing temperatures. The PBs were also heat-treated and were aged for two years at room temperature. The test results of bond strengths and formaldehyde emission levels of PBs showed promising improvements at about 30% FA resin additions, although the results were preliminary due to the variable performance nature of such binder systems